[citation needed], The state has also begun to invest heavily in solar power centred on the Pavagada Solar Park. Contemporary theatre culture in Karnataka remains vibrant with organisations like Ninasam, Ranga Shankara, Rangayana and Prabhat Kalavidaru continuing to build on the foundations laid by Gubbi Veeranna, T. P. Kailasam, B. V. Karanth, K V Subbanna, Prasanna and others. P (1921), "A History of Kannada Literature", Oxford University Press, 1921: 1415, "Literature in all Dravidian languages owes a great deal to Sanskrit, the magic wand whose touch raised each of the languages from a level of patois to that of a literary idiom". [72], Karnataka is home to a variety of wildlife. What's your opinion on Tulu being the 2nd Official language of [144][145][146][143], Karnataka has a railway network with a total length of approximately 3,089km (1,919mi). They are settled throughout Goa state, throughout Uttara Kannada district and Khanapur taluk of Belagavi district, Karnataka. [167], Statewide board examinations are conducted at the end of secondary education. [111], The Vachana Sahitya tradition of the 12th century is purely native and unique in world literature, and the sum of contributions by all sections of society. R Zydenbos in Cushman S, Cavanagh C, Ramazani J, Rouzer P, Zvelebil (1973), p. 7 (Introductory, chart), Encyclopaedia of Indian literature vol. Karnataka 2nd PU Supplementary exam 2023 result declared at karresults [88][90][95] Gunanandi (900AD), quoted by the grammarian Bhattakalanka and always addressed as Bhagawan (the adorable), was the author of a logic, grammar and sahitya. Followed by B. L. Rice, leading epigrapher and historian, K. R. Narasimhan following a detailed study and comparison, declared that the plates belong to the 4th century, i.e., 338AD. Karnataka - Wikipedia Most of the holy sites of Lingayatism, like Kudalasangama and Basavana Bagewadi, are found in northern parts of the state. Out of the total 702,067 candidates who took the exam, 5,24,209 . [63] Laterite cappings that are found in many districts over the Deccan Traps were formed after the cessation of volcanic activity in the early tertiary period. 1st & 2nd Floor, Zion Building, Plot No. [50] In the south, the Mysore Kingdom, a former vassal of the Vijayanagara Empire, was briefly independent. [76][73], Wild animals that are found in Karnataka include the elephant, the tiger, the leopard, the gaur, the sambar deer, the chital or spotted deer, the muntjac, the bonnet macaque, the slender loris, the common palm civet, the small Indian civet, the sloth bear, the dhole, the striped hyena, the Bengal fox and the golden jackal. These Kannada verse-compositions might have been representative of folk songs containing influence of Sanskrit and Prakrit metrical patterns to some extent. It is followed by Urdu (10.83), Telugu (5.84), Tamil (3.45), Marathi (3.38), Hindi (3.30), Tulu (2.61), and others. It is bounded by the states of Goa and Maharashtra to the north, Telangana to the east, Tamil Nadu to the southeast, and Kerala to the south and by the Arabian Sea to the west. Brill's Indological library, v. 9. [164], There are 481-degree colleges affiliated with one of the universities in the state, viz. It is spoken by 66.54 percent people of Karnataka. [84][92][100][102] The Karnateshwara Katha, a eulogy for King Pulakesi II, is said to have belonged to the 7th century;[101] the Gajastaka, a lost "ashtaka" (eight line verse) composition and a work on elephant management by King Shivamara II, belonged to the 8th century,[103] this served as the basis for 2 popular folk songs Ovanige and Onakevadu, which were sung either while pounding corn or to entice wild elephants into a pit ("Ovam"). The judiciary in the state consists of the Karnataka High Court (Attara Kacheri) in Bangalore, Hubballi-Dharwad, and Kalaburagi, district and session courts in each district and lower courts and judges at the taluk level. Students who qualify are allowed to pursue a two-year pre-university course, after which they become eligible to pursue under-graduate degrees. [180] Bangalore has hosted a WTA tennis event and, in 1997, it hosted the fourth National Games of India. Military. 1717, 1474, The coins are preserved at the Archaeological Section, Prince of Wales Museum of Western India, Mumbai Kundangar and Moraes in, The coin is preserved at the Indian Historical Research Institute, St. Xavier's College, Mumbai Kundangar and Moraes in, This shows that the native vernacular of the Goa Kadambas was Kannada , Two coins of the Hangal Kadambas are preserved at the Royal Asiatic Society, Mumbai, one with the Kannada inscription, R. Narasimhacharya (1934), pp. "The committee has been asked to study and submit . [90] His writing has been mentioned by Vijayanagara poets Mangarasa III and Doddiah (also spelt Doddayya, c. 1550AD) and praised by Durgasimha (c. 1025AD). Ancient indigenous Kannada literary compositions of (folk) poetry like the Chattana and Bedande which preferred to use the Desi metre are said to have survived at least until the date of the Kavirajamarga in 850AD and had their roots in the early Kannada folk literature. Explained: The history of Tulu, and the demand for official language On January 30, Kannada and Culture Minister V Sunil Kumar announced the formation of a group to assess the case for Tulu becoming an official language in Karnataka and offer suggestions. Urdu is the second largest language, spoken by 10.83% of the population, and is the language of Muslims outside the coastal region. From dangerous dungeons to bustling towns, the world of STAR OCEAN THE SECOND STORY R is depicted in a stunning 2.5D style that combines beautiful . red, lateritic, black, alluvio-colluvial, forest and coastal soils. Symbol of god around their neck. State animal : Elephant. Step 6: Download and keep a hard copy of the PUC result for future reference. Ramanuja, the leading expounder of Vishishtadvaita, spent many years in Melkote. The Karnataka government has constituted a committee under educationist Mohan Alva on declaring Tulu as Karnataka's second official language. The literacy rate was 75.36% with 82.47% of males and 68.08% of females being literate. [citation needed], Islam, which had an early presence on the west coast of India as early as the tenth century, gained a foothold in Karnataka with the rise of the Bahamani and Bijapur sultanates that ruled parts of Karnataka. [109] The members of the state Legislative Assembly elect 12 members to the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Indian Parliament. Some of these baccalaureate colleges are accredited with the status of a deemed university. He first lived in Tondanur and then moved to Melkote where the Cheluvanarayana Swamy Temple and a well-organised matha were built. He was said to have born in Utkalikagrama and while performing penance in Manuvakahalli, he was attacked by a disease called Bhasmaka. In a final position, this phenomenon occurs less frequently. Noted Carnatic musicians include Violin T. Chowdiah, Veena Sheshanna, Mysore Vasudevachar, Doreswamy Iyengar and Thitte Krishna Iyengar. S. Settar studied the sittanavAsal inscription of first century AD as also the inscriptions at tirupparamkunram, adakala and neDanUpatti. Until the creation of the South-Western Railway Zone headquartered at Hubballi in 2003, the railway network in the state was in the Southern Railway zone, South-Central Railway Zone and Western Railway zone. [149] This port handled 32.04million tonnes of traffic in the fiscal year 200607 with 17.92million tonnes of imports and 14.12million tonnes of exports. These rebellionswhich coincided with the Indian Rebellion of 1857were led by Mundargi Bhimarao, Bhaskar Rao Bhave, the Halagali Bedas, Raja Venkatappa Nayaka and others. Karnataka 2nd PUC Supplementary results 2023 declared @ karresults.nic The supplementary examination was conducted . Evidence from edicts during the time of Ashoka (reigned 274232 BCE) suggest that Buddhist literature influenced the Kannada script and its literature. [85], The Jain philosophy and literature have contributed immensely to the religious and cultural landscape of Karnataka. The Ethnologue reports "about 20 dialects" of Kannada. Languages of Karnataka Kannada: Kannada is the official language of Karnataka. [43], In 1565, Karnataka and the rest of South India experienced a major geopolitical shift when the Vijayanagara empire fell to a confederation of Islamic sultanates in the Battle of Talikota. Official Languages Commission [122], Hindu saints of the Vaishnava sect such as Kanakadasa, Purandaradasa, Naraharitirtha, Vyasatirtha, Sripadaraya, Vadirajatirtha, Vijaya Dasa, Gopala Dasa, Jagannatha Dasa, Prasanna Venkatadasa produced devotional poems in this period. It dates to around the 9th century and is preserved in the Jain Bhandar, Mudbidri, Dakshina Kannada district. [83], Adi Shankara (788820 CE) chose Sringeri in Karnataka to establish the first of his four mathas (monastery). [102][103], The Kodavas who mainly reside in the Kodagu district, speak Kodava Takk. [92][93][94], Kannada features a rich and ancient body of literature including religious and secular genre, covering topics as diverse as Jainism (such as Puranas), Lingayatism (such as Vachanas), Vaishnavism (such as Haridasa Sahitya) and modern literature. Kannada is the official language of Karnataka and is spoken as a native language by approximately 70% of the population. [151][152] The port of Mangalore is among the 4 major ports of India that receive over 25 international cruise ships every year. The Chief Minister, along with the council of ministers, executes the legislative agenda and exercises most of the executive powers. [33], Kannada also has borrowed (Tatsama) words such as dina (day), kpa (anger), srya (sun), mukha (face), nimia (minute). Udayavani, Kannadaprabha, Samyukta Karnataka, VarthaBharathi, Sanjevani, Eesanje, Hosa digantha, Karavali Ale are also some popular dailies published from Karnataka. [100] Tulu Mahabharato, written by Arunabja in the Tigalari script, is the oldest surviving Tulu text. The first Kannada periodical, Mysuru Vrittanta Bodhini was started by Bhashyam Bhashyacharya in Mysore. [citation needed], Kannada is the official language of the state of Karnataka, as the native language of 66.46% of its population as of 2011 and is one of the classical languages of India. [122], Karnataka is the manufacturing hub for some of the largest public sector industries in India, including Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, National Aerospace Laboratories, Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited, Bharat Earth Movers Limited and HMT (formerly Hindustan Machine Tools), which are based in Bangalore. Kannada phonetics, morphology, vocabulary, grammar and syntax show significant influence from these languages. These two programs became so popular that they were translated and broadcast in 18 different languages and the entire series was recorded on cassettes by the Government of Karnataka and distributed to thousands of schools across the state. [Solved] What is the official language of Karnataka? On 5 February 2022, the Karnataka state government advised colleges to guarantee that "clothes which disturb equality, integrity, and public law and order should not be worn" in apparent support of schools' ability to enforce a ban. [53] The Kingdom of Mysore was restored to the Wodeyars and Mysore remained a princely state under the British Raj. [22][23], The Malayalam spoken by people of Lakshadweep has many Kannada words. Agriculture in Karnataka is mostly rainfed as opposed to irrigated, making it highly vulnerable to expected changes in the monsoon. Later in 1957, AIR adopted the original name of the radio station, Aakashavani as its own. Step 1: Go to karresults.nic.in, the official website of KSEAB. [59][60][61] Recent reports indicate that the Old Kannada Gunabhushitana Nishadi inscription discovered on the Chandragiri hill, Shravanabelagola, is older than Halmidi inscription by about fifty to hundred years and may belong to the period AD 350400. [108] The people of Karnataka also elect 28 members to the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Indian Parliament. The Champu style of literature of mixing poetry with prose owes its origins to the Kannada language which was later incorporated by poets into Sanskrit and other Indian languages. Leiden: E.J. [64], About 38,284km2 (14,782sqmi) of Karnataka (i.e. Each written symbol in the Kannada script corresponds with one syllable, as opposed to one phoneme in languages like Englishthe Kannada script is syllabic. Kannada language | Britannica The Karnataka 2nd PUC Exam 2023 was conducted from March 09 to 29. Over a span of nearly six centuries, several saints and mystics helped shape the culture, philosophy, and art of South India and Karnataka in particular by exerting considerable spiritual influence over the masses and kingdoms that ruled South India. It was formed as Mysore State on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, and renamed Karnataka in 1973. (Sastri 1955, p309), Takahashi, Takanobu. The official emblem of Karnataka has a Ganda Berunda in the centre. [109], The late classical period gave birth to several genres of Kannada literature, with new forms of composition coming into use, including Ragale (a form of blank verse) and meters like Sangatya and Shatpadi. A chance discovery of edicts and several Mauryan relics at Sannati in Kalaburagi district in 1986 has proven that the Krishna River basin was once home to both Mahayana and Hinayana Buddhism. Groningen: Egbert Forsten, The writing exalts the grain Ragi above all other grains that form the staple foods of much of modern Karnataka (Sastri 1955, p365), Report on the administration of Mysore Page 90 Mysore 1864 "There is no authentic record of the casting of the first Early Canarese printing. Entisols, Inceptisols, Mollisols, Spodosols, Alfisols, Ultisols, Oxisols, Aridisols, Vertisols, Andisols and Histosols. Two regional variations of the language exist, the northern Mendale Takka and the southern Kiggaati Takka. Brill, p16,18, "The author endeavours to demonstrate that the entire Sangam poetic corpus follows the "Kavya" form of Sanskrit poetry"-Tieken, Herman Joseph Hugo. [34], The earliest Kannada inscriptions are from the middle of the 5th century AD, but there are a number of earlier texts that may have been influenced by the ancestor language of Old Kannada. Compound bases, called samsa in Kannada, are a set of two or more words compounded together. The Kurumba and Kurumvari dialect (both closely related with each other) speakers were estimated to be around 11,400 in total as per the 1901 census. Kn. [8] Karnataka has the fifteenth-highest ranking among Indian states in Human Development Index. [96] Other writers, whose works are not extant now but titles of which are known from independent references such as Indranandi's "Srutavatara", Devachandra's "Rajavalikathe",[90] Bhattakalanka's "Sabdanusasana" of 1604,[84] writings of Jayakirthi[101] are Syamakundacharya (650), who authored the "Prabhrita", and Srivaradhadeva (also called Tumubuluracharya, 650 or earlier), who wrote the "Chudamani" ("Crest Jewel"), a 96,000-verse commentary on logic. Written Kannada. [110] The administration in each district is headed by a Deputy Commissioner who belongs to the Indian Administrative Service and is assisted by a number of officers belonging to Karnataka state services. Many of these are Kannada origin names of places and rivers of the Karnataka coast of 1st century AD. The traditional folk arts cover the entire gamut of music, dance, drama, storytelling by itinerant troupes, etc. [35][36][37][38] The expansion of the Hoysala Empire brought minor parts of modern Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu under its rule. In the early 14th century, Harihara and Bukka Raya established the Vijayanagara empire with its capital, Hosapattana (later named Vijayanagara), on the banks of the Tungabhadra River in the modern Bellary district. [citation needed], Notable sportsmen from Karnataka include B.S. [88] Pujyapada also called Devanandi, was the preceptor of Ganga king Durvinita and belonged to the late 5th to early 6th century AD. . The Karnataka government is likely to make Tulu the second official language of the state after Kannada. Zvelebil (fig. The most authoritative known book on old Kannada grammar is Shabdhamanidarpana by Keshiraja. Matthew A. Sherring describes the Golars and Holars as a pastoral tribe from the Godavari banks established in the districts around Nagpur, in the stony tracts of Ambagarh, forests around Ramplee and Sahangadhee. Most people in the southern Indian state of Karnataka speak Kannada, and there are speakers in Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Kerala and Goa.There are some differences in the way Kannada is spoken in these places.There are about 44 million people who speak the language. [52] To contain European expansion in South India, Haidar Ali and later Tipu Sultan fought four significant Anglo-Mysore Wars, the last of which resulted in Tippu Sultan's death and the incorporation of Mysore into the British Raj in 1799. From the Halmidi inscription (Ramesh 1984, pp. [62], The noted archaeologist and art historian S. Shettar is of the opinion that an inscription of the Western Ganga King Kongunivarma Madhava (c. 350370) found at Tagarthi (Tyagarthi) in Shikaripura taluk of Shimoga district is of 350AD and is also older than the Halmidi inscription. The classic refers to several earlier greats (purvacharyar) of Kannada poetry and prose. The voiceless retroflex sibilant // is commonly pronounced as a // except in consonant clusters with retroflex consonants. [59] The highest point in Karnataka is the Mullayanagiri hills in Chikmagalur district which has an altitude of 1,925m (6,316ft). Purandara Dasa is widely considered the Father of Carnatic music. ), The Chalukyas hailed from present-day Karnataka (Keay (2000), p. [51] With the death of Krishnaraja Wodeyar II, Haidar Ali, the commander-in-chief of the Mysore army, gained control of the region. Karnataka govt forms committee to study possibility of according second Jain Bunt). [176] The popular radio station was taken over by the local municipality and later by All India Radio (AIR) and moved to Bangalore in 1955. Kannada is attested epigraphically for about one and a half millennia and literary Old Kannada flourished in the 6th-century Ganga dynasty[12] and during the 9th-century Rashtrakuta Dynasty. [82], The oldest known existing record of Kannada poetry in Tripadi metre is the Kappe Arabhatta record of 7th century AD. [136] The coastal districts of Udupi and Dakshina Kannada have a branch for every 500 personsthe best distribution of banks in India. Kannada language, also called Kanarese or Kannana, member of the Dravidian language family and the official language of the state of Karnataka in southern India. The Karnataka SSLC results 2023 were announced in May. Constitutional government in India. It is the main language of the state of Karnataka, where it is spoken natively by 40.6 million people, or about two thirds of the state's population. Bisi bele bath, Jolada rotti, Ragi mudde, Uppittu, Benne Dose, Masala Dose and Maddur Vade are some of the popular food items in Karnataka. Karnataka Govt Forms Panel to Submit Report on Declaring Tulu as 2nd Many cricketers have represented India and in one international match held in the 1990s; players from Karnataka composed the majority of the national team. Govt. constitutes panel to submit report on declaring Tulu as second [34], At the turn of the first millennium, the Hoysalas gained power in the region. Kannada is a highly inflected language with three genders (masculine, feminine, and neuter or common) and two numbers (singular and plural). Ahead of Karnataka Assembly elections, state govt forms panel for Earlier on Monday, Kannada. Yakshagana of Malnad and coastal Karnataka, a classical dance drama, is one of the major theatrical forms of Karnataka. [101][104][105] The Chandraprabha-purana by Sri Vijaya, a court poet of emperor Amoghavarsha I, is ascribed to the early 9th century. Other prominent rivers such as the Sharavati in Shimoga and Netravati in Dakshina Kannada flow westward to the Lakshadweep Sea. He also mentions Barace (Barcelore), referring to the modern port city of Mangaluru, upon its mouth. [148], In old Kannada at around 10th-14th century, many of the initial /p/ debuccalized into a /h/ e.g. Karnataka govt likely to declare Tulu as second official language The Kannada spoken between the rivers Varada and Malaprabha was the pure well of Kannada undefiled. The Halmidi inscription, the earliest attested full-length inscription in the Kannada language and script, dates from 450 CE, while the earliest available literary work, the Kavirajamarga, has been dated to 850 CE. [108], Around the beginning of the 9th century, Old Kannada was spoken from Kaveri to Godavari. The aspiration of consonants depends entirely on the speaker and many do not do it in non-formal situations. [90][103] Jinachandra, who is referred to by Sri Ponna (c. 950AD) as the author of "Pujyapada Charita", had earned the honorific "modern Samantha Bhadra". The primary languages of instruction in most schools are Kannada and English. Dr. Purushothama Bilimale AIIS-Kannada Language program, . The state has two Sainik Schools Kodagu Sainik School in Kodagu and Vijayapura Sainik School in Vijayapura. Bengaluru: The Basavraj Bommai-led Karnataka government may declare Tulu as the second official language of the state.With this announcement, the long pending demand of the Tulu speaking people will be fulfilled.
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