In the first study of its kind, a Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute-led team of researchers has uncovered the genetics of the ancient Canaanites and a firm link with people living in Lebanon today. [19] Additional reliable cites have been provided where possible. We talked to people who drink illegally in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, Tunisia just passed a law to end violence against women, 8 hilarious reactions to the Hariri-Trump meet-up. First arriving in large numbers in the late 1800s, the earliest generations of immigrants from the Middle East and North Africa saw whiteness as the path towards claiming full rights in their new country. Present-day Lebanese descend from Biblical Canaanites, genetic study Live Science is part of Future US Inc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. In the face of political and social challenges, the Lebanese people are known for their resilience and their ability to come together in times of crisis which has helped to strengthen their sense of national identity. [8] The Lebanese have always traveled the world, many of them settling permanently within the last two centuries. But for the historian and statisticians, the Maronites/Lebanese are a nightmare. 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This is a question. As the relative proportion of the various sects is politically sensitive, Lebanon has not collected official census data on ethnic background since 1932 under the French Mandate. and 200 B.C. Advertisement The Lebanese state and its institutions are the facades. 19.05.2022 By Elvis Bates The Lebanese individuals proved to be mostly direct descendants of the Canaanites, but they also bore the ancestry of Bronze Age individuals from the Eurasian steppe. What it was like inside the lost Titanic-touring submersible | CNN The evidence does, however, show that theCanaanites appeared around the beginning of the second millennia B.C. Lists of Lebanese diaspora - Wikipedia Proudly (Maronite) Catholic, often bilingual in French, and stubbornly refusing to consider themselves as Arabs, the Maronites were the fly in the ointment of pan-Arab unity. What is the maximum number of biological parents an organism can have? Added a link, and updated data. Meanwhile, a substantial percentage of white people who do not identify as MENA or Latino do not perceive MENA people as white either, the study also suggests. The Muslims resented this. Educated by Jesuits, they soon became the dominant economic class in Beirut. 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Make Lebanon Independent Again | Eric Bordenkircher | The Blogs The Canaanites were often in conflict with the Israelite tribes that wrote the Hebrew Bible. Note: An important percentage of Arabs in Argentina, Chile, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Venezuela, Bulgaria, Romania, Italy, Portugal and Spain are of Lebanese ancestry. We keep our content available to everyone. By using our site, you acknowledge that you have read and understand our Privacy Policy Sunni and Shia Lebanese considered themselves Muslim Arabs and viewed Phoenicianism as an imperialist lie meant to subvert a pan-Arab state. In the study, researchers sequenced whole genomes of five Canaanite individuals who lived 4,000 years ago in a city known as Sidon in present-day Lebanon. . Druze form around 5%. This list may not reflect recent changes . After carrying out genome sequencing research, the scientists found that the present-day Lebanese share 93 percent of their DNA with the Canaanites. The researchers reported their findings online today (July 27) in The American Journal of Human Genetics. "This is a really big problem that kind of haunts a lot of social science research," said Maghbouleh, who adds that people of North African descent are underrepresented among the study's participants. The Maronites had never left. Lebanese abroad are considered "rich, educated and influential"[65] and over the course of time immigration has yielded Lebanese "commercial networks" throughout the world. Many descended from families that had been established in Cte d'Ivoire for more than a century. 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[115], A study conducted by Statistics Lebanon, a Beirut-based research firm, cited by the United States Department of State found that of Lebanon's population of approximately 4.3 million is estimated to be:[43], There are also very small numbers of other religions such as Judaism, Mormons, Bah Faith, and also religions practiced by foreigner workers like Buddhism and Hinduism. Presented with a "Middle Eastern or North African" category, 88% of people of MENA descent in the study (who could select one or more categories) chose that option when identifying their race, ethnicity or origin. Fair eyes/hair, while not usual among the Maronites, is still twice as common among Maronites as among other Arabs, indicating ancient mixings with Crusaders, Greeks and Romans. Researchers are hamstrung by the federal standards that require the Census Bureau to include people with MENA roots in data about white people. 1 Zidon (or Sidon) and his descendants settled on the Mediterranean coast of present-day Lebanon, then known as the land of Canaan. In Mount Lebanon, they hid in the mountains from Muslim predations for centuries. Science X Daily and the Weekly Email Newsletters are free features that allow you to receive your favourite sci-tech news updates. Phys.org is a leading web-based science, research and technology news service which covers a full range of topics. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. I would like to subscribe to Science X Newsletter. [citation needed] North and South America are full of Maronites. Additional estimates have been included where they can be cited; where applicable, these are used in place of the iLoubnan figures. Despite 4,000 years of conquest, war, and migration, the local population maintains genetics roots firmly linked to the region's ancient residents. "I don't think that that empirical work can be done until the U.S. census adds a category, whether it's under a race or whether it's under ethnicity. COLD SPRING HARBOR, NEW YORK-- As fighting continues in the Middle East, a new genetic study shows that many Arabs and Jews are closely related. Trump's travel bans targeting people from several Muslim-majority countries in the Middle East and North Africa also raised concerns among some longtime advocates for a new census checkbox about how the public could have perceived rolling one out under the previous administration. Credit: Reuters/Mohamed Azakir. List of Lebanese people in Jamaica. All the while, the British were proclaiming themselves a Christian nation in the 19th century. attacking democracy and promoting oligarchy. In the Arab world, around 400,000 Lebanese live in the Arab states of the Persian Gulf. Some few Maronites identify themselves as Lebanese rather than Arab, seeking to draw on the Phoenician past to try to forge an identity separate from the prevailing Arab culture". Fifteen years later, the Civil War was over, with the Christian Maronites losing. Phoenicians. The Bronze Age Canaanites, later known as the Phoenicians, introduced many aspects of society that we know today they created the first alphabet, established colonies throughout the Mediterranean and were mentioned several times in the Bible. I'm not denying that many Lebanese people are descended from the Crusaders, I'm just saying that it's perhaps not only there you should look if you want to find out why many have light skin, hair and eyes. The major religious groups among the Lebanese people within Lebanon are Shia Muslims (27%), Sunni Muslims (27%), Maronite Christians (21%), Greek Orthodox Christians (8%), Melkite Christians (5%), Druze (5.2%), Protestant Christians (1%). Identify the news topics you want to see and prioritize an order. Former Logo on Former FEARAB-ARGENTINA Website (Click to See Archive) List of Lebanese people in Puerto Rico. Aristotle believed. The majority of the Lebanese in the diaspora are Christians,[64] disproportionately so in the Americas where the vast majority reside. Even some of the Greek Orthodox Christians in Lebanon preferred a union with Syria. Scientists also sequenced the genomes of 99 present-day Lebanese and analysed the genetic relationship between the ancient Canaanites and modern Lebanese. 26% of 3,665,789 Americans of Arab descent, Belize, Bolivia, Chile, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Excludes Saudi Arabia & Kuwait, includes Iraq & Jordan, Belgium, Cyprus, Greece, Italy, Monaco, Switzerland, United Kingdom, Burkina Faso, Gambia, Ghana, Liberia, Nigeria & Sierra Leone, Syria and the Palestinians: The Clash of Nationalisms - Page 113, Ghada Hashem Talhami - 2001, historico.notitarde.com/1999/08/09/memoria/memoria6.html "In Venezuela currently reside five hundred thousand Lebanese citizens or of Lebanese ancestry" (SPANISH), International Journal of Kurdish Studies, Jan 2002 by Lokman I. Meho, Many Christian Lebanese do not identify themselves as Arab but rather as descendants of the ancient Canaanites and prefer to be called "Phoenicians", Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, Lebanese people in the United Arab Emirates, International Foundation for Electoral Systems, "Methods of Finding Population Statistics of Lebanese Migration Throughout the World", "Bassil promises to ease citizenship for expatriates", "From Brazil to Byblos, Lebanese diaspora pours in for vote", "News - Politics - Sleiman meets Brazilian counterpart, Lebanese community", "Proyecciones nacionales y departamentales de poblacin. The ancient Egyptians were more closely related to Near Eastern people, while modern Egyptians are closer genetically to Sub-Saharan Africans. Consider supporting ScienceX's mission by getting a premium account. The Lebanese descended from. But a new study finds many people of MENA descent do not see themselves as white, and neither do many white people. They are not invaders to the Muslim Caliphate. Their usual relatively whiter appearance than most Arabs further enabled them. These have in recent years been granted Lebanese citizenship and, coupled with several civil wars between Islamic extremists and the Lebanese military that have caused many Christians to flee the country, have re-tipped the demographic balance in favour of the Muslims and the Sunnis in particular. DNA from the Bible's Canaanites lives on in modern Arabs and Jews Their rich cultural heritage includes food, music, literature, and art, which is also shaped by the country's location at the crossroads of the Eastern Mediterranean. [50] Each community has its own distinct religious practices, traditions, and customs, which have been passed down through generations. The Figure below uses the data from the list and calculates the amount of Lebanese residents as a percentage of the total population of the respective country. Dr Marc Haber, first author from the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, said: "It was a pleasant surprise to be able to extract and analyse DNA from 4,000-year-old human remains found in a hot environment, which is not known for preserving DNA well. In more recent decades, however, there's been a growing disconnect between the way the federal government officially categorizes people of MENA descent by race and many people's lived realities a dissonance that was underlined after the Sept. 11 attacks. History Developments in DNA sequencing in the 1970s and 1980s provided researchers with the tools needed to study human genetic variation and the genetics of human populations to discover founder populations of modern people groups and human migrations. 1 Kings 5:1 Hiram [A Phoenician King] had been Davids lifelong friend. Federal government standards require the U.S. census to count people with roots in the Middle East or North Africa as white. 2006-2020", "Argentinian President's visit to the Lebanese Parliament", Amor por Venezuela: La emigracin libanesa, "Henry Laurens: " la France et le Liban sont comme les membres d'une famille recompose ", "Geographical distribution of Lebanese diaspora", "Interview with Lebanese Ambassador to Saudi Arabia", "The People of Australia Statistics from the 2011 Census", Ms de 10 millones de libaneses empujan el crecimiento social y econmico de Amrica Latina, "El Guayaquil que acogi a los migrantes extranjeros", "Des investisseurs libanais Abidjan pour investir en Afrique", "Cte d'Ivoire: insubmersibles Libanais Jeune Afrique", "Cte d'Ivoire - World Directory of Minorities & Indigenous Peoples", "The Demographic Dimensions of the Conflict in Ivory Coast", "Lebanese Living in UAE Fear Deportation", "The most representative ethnic groups of Senegal", "What is it about Lebanon and German football? Jews and Arabs Descended from Canaanites DNA analysis, from bodies found at several sites, explains more than half of ancestry Jonathan Laden November 24, 2022 19 Comments 56952 views Share Of course, both sides blame each other for starting the war. The country has the most religiously diverse society in the Middle East, encompassing 17 recognized religious sects. An estimate figure show that they represent about 75% of the Lebanese in total. "People can be culturally similar and genetically different, or genetically similar and culturally different,"Tyler-Smith said. Ivory Coast - The Levantine Community - Country Data This eagerness to embrace and be absorbed into Western culture is an almost unique Maronite trait, borne of centuries of Muslim persecutions. Maghbouleh conducted extensive interviews with younger people of MENA descent for the 2017 book The Limits of Whiteness: Iranian Americans and the Everyday Politics of Race. In part because the Canaanites kept their records on easily degradable papyrus rather than clay, little is known about their side of the story. Category:People of Lebanese descent - Wikipedia Anti-Black racism in the media and other parts of U.S. society, Aziz adds, has helped drive many immigrants from around the world to try to "disassociate themselves from Blackness and try to associate as close to whiteness as possible.". Another part of the study asked participants to classify made-up profiles of individuals that included names, ancestors' countries of origins and other details.
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